Understanding The Ethical Organization Management Models Commerce Essay

Understanding The Ethical Organization Management Models Commerce Essay This report mainly focuses on developing an ethical approach to manage organizations. This essay critically identifies and evaluate about ethics and how ethics helps an organization to take good decisions. This report is prepared by referring to various journals, management books, websites and relevant current articles. Ethics is very important for an organization. This essay will give an idea about what is ethics? And what is unethical? Ethics helps to identify an organization by differentiating from each other. This report mainly relies on discussing about theories, models and paradigms and more concentrating on radical humanist paradigm. The purpose of this assignment is to provide base for understanding ethical decision making in an organization and providing one real world example managing organization ethically and three real world examples for the organizations disaster by managing the organization unethically. In this report we critically analysis on business ethical decision making by an individual or group of working people in the organization. Our report focus on individual moral, honesty, frankness and fairness while taking business decision in an organization. Our approach would be by understanding the organizational values and working people ethical training program is necessary for preventing them from engraining any unethical conduct. Ethics Ethics in an organization means the business conduct of that organization to run the business more effectively and efficiently. In an organization people are working together with different values and motives. Managing the business ethics of an organization more effectively needs to setup common norms and standard and also it need to be communicated and enforced among the working people. Ethical principle provides the base for modern business concept in an organization. The leadership of the organization and the ethical decision-making are the basic for an ethical organization. Ethical values and principles of an organization guide the working people and corporate from the common business motive of profit and shareholders enhancement. The modern ethical organization follows corporate social responsibility, fair trade, sustainability, globalization taking into consideration ifs negative effects. Ethical organization management model The modern ethical management of an organization in the 21st century illustrate by four Ps as explain as follows for the success for any modern business ventures. (Refer appendix 3) Traditionally the organization main aim is to make profit and methods for achieving it. The modern organization performance, activities and standards are exposed globally and the lenders of the organization are accountable globally. Purpose of the organization Purpose of the organization is to making fair profit for the shareholders and in case of public service delivery of cost effective service. Personality of a good ethical organization has to consider people needs and mindset with proper consideration given to the world it operates. People to whom the organization operate People comprise the organization staffs, customers, suppliers, local communities, stakeholders who has interest in the organization. Planet where the organization operate Organization should give due consideration for environment, neural recourses, fair-trade and sustainability. Principles of the organization Principle of the organization comprises honesty, truth, and integrity. Principles of the organization has to be matched with other conflicting aims in between purpose of the organization, people to whom it operates and the planet where the organization operate in order to have sustainable organization success. Need to manage the organization ethically In the modern environment organization ethics should be actively manage and it is necessary to understand the main ethical value through an organization ethic program. There are five components in organization management ethic program. Commitment -Leaders and senior management should have commitment to the program. Assessment -There should be active assessment of organization ethical value and effectiveness. Codify -Develop a code of ethics and communicate with each other, Formalize -Formulate ethical structures and systems, ethics training and ethics communication Integrate -Build an ethical culture and conduct in the organization. Need to develop ethical leadership in an organization In the modern world ethics and values are in front of executives, managers and leaders who spend much of their time for developing organizational culture. The leadership of the organization should take responsibility and carryout the business in accordance to the management ethics program. The ethical leadership should take steps the senior management and executives including board of directors to follow and respect organization values. Carryout organization ethics program to achieve ethic program goals. Appointing senior person to coordinate the program and determine the ethics function which needs initiative. Unethical policies, activities and behaviors in an organization The following organization activities are not necessarily unlawful which are commonly considered as unethical. Dishonesty, manipulating the facts and hiding information. Manipulating and misleading advertisement, positioning and communications Exploiting peoples feeling. Fooling and taking advantage of people weakness Greed and making excessive profit Anything harming or endangering people Breaking trust of the organization Not accepting the blame and paying lot of amounts for the wrong doing Preventing to notify people any significant changes Lack of transparency Harming environment or earth Preventable waste or excessive consumption Raiding anyones privacy Misusing authority, power and reputation. More preference giving in appointing family members Preferential treatment or decision-making based on secret motive or deals Unfriendliness association with people or group of people Conflict of interest, disloyalty of trust and breach of confidentiality information Neglecting the duty of care of an organization Fail to prevent wrong report within his authority Unfairness and unkindness Marketing ethic issues and stakeholders The organization activities are affected directly or indirectly by the internal and external stakeholders. Internal stakeholders are includes board of directors, managers, employees, and other functional departments. External stakeholders include consumers, other interest groups, competitors, advertising agencies and regulatory bodies. (Miller and Lewis, 1991). Stakeholders ethical values are subject to various business issues such as sales practices, consumers privileges, environmental and product safety, disclosure of information about the products. (Maignan and Ferrell 2004) Various stakeholders are possibly exercise pressure on organization to achieve their individual ethical values and norms.(Annexure 1) Hence the organization values and norms are affected by specially by primary stakeholders since they are in good position to influence the organization ethical values. Paradigm. In the modern business environment strategy-setting in the business organization is vital for its survival. The organization should consider crucial roll in the organization by setting ethical strategy. The organization has to take into note whether the organization is doing the right thing. In order implement ethical strategy for an organization we should bring different paradigm into the risk debate. Functionalist paradigm This paradigm has been the primary one for organizational studies. This approach is mainly rely on human affairs and believes by hypothesis testing. It deeply rooted in sociological factors. Through Functionalist paradigm can understand and measure via science. It is influence by idealist and Marxist and assumes there are external rules and regulations to secure the external world. (Ardalan, 2003,p.202) This functionalist paradigm basically explain about classical management theory, sysytem theory and contigency theory.it makes assumption how organisation is always in control mange people in a proper way.(morgan,2006:morgan,1980) Radical Humanism a crucial approach for a ethical organization This approach has been emerged from the radical humanist paradigm (Morgan 1995,Burrell 2000) This approach argues dehumanization of the employee and the workplace. Individuals generally seen as machines and work as a technical process (Robbins and Barnwell 2006 pp 21-22) In the humanist approach that focus on placing human first rather than the organization. The basic assumptions of this paradigm are according to Morgan (1995), †¢ Ideological traps: Tunnel vision is based on our previous experience becoming the blueprint for interpreting our current experience (we often let myths and our past experience becomes our reality). We are unable to interpret reality without prejudice. †¢ Power dimension: The right to define reality or the right of some to have power over others overt use of power. Power is also used in a subtle or covert way (soft domination) and its use and abuse is often unquestioned. Eg. How is power distributed in organisations? We discuss empowerment and participation but we rarely see this happening in organisations. †¢ Ethical dimension: Organisations need to act in an ethical manner. How do the actions of managers and organisations impact on employees and society? †¢ People first Work is the problem Organizational ethical decision making In organization marketing ethical activities we should understand how people make ethical decisions. (Refer appendix 3) explains how the ethical decisions are taken in the normal organizational environment. The outcome of the decisions is evaluated by the internal and external stakeholders. The roll of the individual and values has the great impact on any business decision making. Determining ethical decision is the primary factor in an organization (Ferrell 2005) Ethical decision making Ryanair The current CEO Mr.Michael OLeary took the ethical business decision to operate the Ryanair airline as budget airline business model in the European market. It was very success taking such decision in the past and now most successful airline in the European market and most of the airline travelers prefer to travel by Ryanair. The following are the benefit by taking such decision Low cost-low frills concept 94% of the booking through Internet reduced operating cost All Boeing 737-800 aircraft reduce training and maintenance cost Environmentally friendly Boeing 737-800 aircraft Customer satisfaction Low cost and high service performance Unethical decision making Enron, Daewoo, Toyota Many cooperate failures over the past decade are due to fraud and financial manipulation. Enron: The Enron disaster is exhalent example for organizational unethical decision making. On May 25, 2006 US Huston jury found guilty the Enron CEO Mr Ken Lay and Mr Jeff Skilling for hiding financial status of the organization in 2000 and 2001 The group executives manipulate their earnings by illegal inside trading went on to liquidation. Due to the organization failure many investors lost their money and many employees lost their job. The group failed due to unethical and illegal business decision. Daewoo: Kim Woo Choong founder of Daewoo Group found guilty and convicted 10 years in prison and forfeited US $ 22 billion. after the business failure in South Korea. The group has grown with debt-funded acquisitions. The Asian financial crisis exposed the group weakness and the total group went into bankruptcy in 1999. The following are some of the points for the failure of the organization by operating unethically. Dishonesty and manipulating the facts and hiding information. Manipulating and misleading the investors Breaking the trust of the organization Lack of transparency Misusing the authority and power Neglecting duty of care of the organization Unfairness towards investors and employees Fail to prevent wrong report within his authority The ethical problem to operate the business organization is not only due to financial misinterpretation and manipulation. Toyotas recent troubles have been an example of a companys failure to understand the ethics of the customer relationship. Turning a blind eye to ethical consideration can undermine the wider economy and in time, cause irreparable damage. Toyota: The organization recall millions of vetches sold to customers with suspected defects as on the specific engineering problem on the breaking systems. The following are the some of the examples that the organizations ethical responsibility failure. Breaking the trust of the organization Neglecting duty of care of the organization Anything harming or endangering customers Unfairness towards customers and investors . Conclusion In modern organization ethics play a major role in taking effective decision making. Because for the success of an organization mainly rely on ethics. This report mainly focuses on theories, models and paradigms which helped to a proper decision in an organization. In this report I explained about functionalist paradigm and radical humanist paradigm. Functionalist focus only on organizational behavior through hypothesis testing but radical humanist paradigm explained about the current approach of an organization and their impact on society. According to paradigms which are not an easy task it heavily teaches about ethics to the people. In this report I explained about ethical approach and how it controls in making an effective decision making in an organization and describing about what are the unethical approaches which rely on taking ineffective decision making. At last, to conclude my report, I would say organizations have started to focus on ethics. However, they did not lose the focus on organizational structure. Also there are many differences between paradigms in managing ethics.

Heat and Dust Essay

The era of the Victorian women spanned 64 years and concluded several changes in attitudes. The common thinking about women in the Victorian era was that a woman? s position was limited to domestic work and the care for her children. The stereotype of the distribution of roles was women staying by the hearth with their needles whilst men wielded their swords. Women had to bear a large family and to maintain a smooth family atmosphere whereby men did not need to bother himself about domestic matters. A gentlewoman ensured that the home was a place of comfort for her husband and family from the stresses of Industrial Britain. Victorian dresses show typical excessive style elements such as V-waists, layering of trims and bell sleeves. The Victorian head of household dressed his woman to show off family wealth. Additionally, there were great differences between members of society by the end of the Queen Victoria? s reign but the most instantly apparent difference was through the garments worn. Not only the dress code symbolized the status of a Victorian woman but also the circumstances she lived in. A wealthy wife was supposed to spend her time reading, sewing, receiving guests, going visiting, letter writing, seeing to the servants and dressing for the part as her husband’s social representative. In contrast, for the very poor of Britain society it was common to wear fifth hand clothes and to eat the pickings left over in a rich household. Whether married or single all Victorian women were expected to be weak and helpless so that they looked like â€Å"fragile delicate flowers incapable of making decisions†. Besides, if a woman took a lover it was not made public because if that became the case she would be cut by society. Instead, men could amble along to one of their gentlemen? s clubs and always find a â€Å"warm welcome†. Relationships in 1887 were quite artificial. A married woman could not own property and became a chattel of the man. A divorced woman had indeed no chance of acceptance in society again. At the end of Victorian times things changed and many women adopted the tailor made garment that showed their more serious concern to be recognized as thinking beings with much to offer society beyond being a social asset for a husband. New inventions such as sewing machine or railway and the capability to use those led to new thinking and women of all classes felt the dynamic atmosphere of change as much as men. Many women joined the Fabian Society, a group of non revolutionary thinking socialists and others sought reform for more practical dress, better education, the right to take up paid work and better employment prospects.

Majorca – Geography

Majorca – A Holiday DICKS Paradise? Map of Majorca Majorca in the Mediterranean Majorca is the largest of the 4 main Balearic Islands, located in the Mediterranean Sea, off the east coast of Spain. It is a highly popular holiday destination in the world, especially to Western European countries. Majorca’s capital city is Palma de Mallorca. Main Attractions for Tourists at Majorca North Majorca – * Serra de Tramuntana – large mountain range * Cap de Formentor – Northernmost cap of Majorca Valldemossa – Famous village related to composer, Chopin * Port de Soller – Village, port North Majorca is more scenic-tourism based compared to South Majorca, and features more natural attractions than artificial ones. Unlike South Majorca’s westernisation, North Majorca contains intact traditional culture. Much tourism in the north resides around beaches and the natural environment. South Majorca – * Cuevas de Drach – subterranea n cave * Es Trenc Beach – a beach.South Majorca is generally more westernised, Americanised, and tourist abundant. Resorts are designed to be extravagant and luxurious. Attractions are mostly man-made venues, such as casinos, night clubs, cruises, brothels, etc. That is not to say South Majorca lacks natural attractions; its beaches and landscape are just less visited. General – * Palma de Mallorca – Majorca’s capital city * Santa Maria Cathedral – Massive Gothic cathedral in Palma * Binissalem – specifically its wine * Prostitution – think what you will.Advantages/Disadvantages of Tourism Advantages – * Improved economy and wealth, which leads to†¦ * Improved infrastructure, which in turn†¦ * Improves local living conditions * Improves tourist conditions, welfare, accommodation, etc. * Rejuvenation/maintenance of historical and cultural interests * Sustainable tourism is emphasised and promoted * Employment created * Jobs and pay for locals Disadvantages – * Gradual disintegration of native ethnic culture to cater for tourists * Locals all generally speak fluent English Destruction of natural landscape * 25 tons of sand are removed from beaches by tourists with sticky bodies annually * Littering and pollution by the typically ignorant millionaire American tourist and his V8 truck(s) or the British drunk and his cardboard box * This kills the native flora/fauna of the island * Property Inflation * Locals are replaced in their houses by overseas aristocrats * Artificial Drought * Increased consumption of water by tourists, i. e. pools, cleaning, drinking, etc. combined with few days of rain equates to a growing lack of water* Majorca becomes over reliant on the tourism industry * Tourism sector makes up 95% of its economy Conclusion Is Majorca a holiday paradise or not? Google and its mechanics define paradise as: ‘†¦a place in which existence is harmonious; where there is only peace, prosperity, and happiness. ’ The definition for ‘holiday paradise’ would therefore be along the lines of†¦. ‘†¦a holiday ecosystem where the tourism infrastructure system is harmonious, prosperous, and provides happiness to the tourist. Note that the concept of a ‘holiday paradise’ comes from a tourists view (locals don’t have a holiday on the spot where they live, and the environment doesn’t have holidays). We can deduce from the definition of a ‘holiday paradise’ that Majorca is indeed a holiday paradise. Majorca does offer a tourism infrastructure that is harmonious, and prosperous whilst providing happiness to the tourist. Majorca’s tourist catering is at a sublime level, with a massive amount of services destined to be harmonious with a tourists needs.Majorca’s tourism industry is also extremely prosperous, making up 95% of its economy and providing plenty of healthy economic stimul ation for the locals. Most importantly of all, the tourist is happy in Majorca, which is why so many tourists go there in the first place. Majorca’s abundance of fascinating tourist attractions, such as its culture, beaches, caves, natural landscape, historic villages, night clubs, casinos, marinas, restaurants, brothels, as well as its compliance with the definition of a ‘holiday paradise’, proves that Majorca is without doubt a tourist’s holiday paradise.References http://www. mallorca-info. co. uk/where-to-stay-mallorca. html, Where to stay in Mallorca, (30/7/12– 5/8/12) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Balearic_Islands, Balearic Islands (26/7/12– 5/8/12) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Majorca, Majorca (26/7/12– 5/8/12) http://www. tripadvisor. co. uk/Attractions-g187462-Activities-Majorca_Balearic_Islands. html, Things to do in Majorca (1/8/12– 5/8/12) http://etravel. org/places/europe/spain/top-five-places-to-visit-in-mallorc a/, Top 5 places to Visit in Mallorca (31/7/12– 5/8/12) ttp://www. seemallorca. com/mallorca/guide. html, Introduction to Majorca (27/7/12– 5/8/12) http://www. akademifantasia. org/europe/top-5-natural-attractions-in-majorca/, Top 5 Natural Attractions in Majorca (2/8/12– 5/8/12) http://wikitravel. org/en/Mallorca, Mallorca (26/7/12– 5/8/12) http://www. majorca-mallorca. co. uk/, Welcome to Majorca (27/7/12– 5/8/12) http://www. geographypages. co. uk/major. htm, Majorca tourism Project(26/7/12– 5/8/12)

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In The Odd Sea, Fredrick Reiken suggests that in one’s home one is able to stay in a state of innocence. In the novel, the narrator and main character, Philip, searches to find his older brother Ethan who has disappeared. During Philip’s search for Ethan, the family tries coping with the loss. In an effort to cope with Ethan’s disappearance, Philip’s mother begins to spend her nights baking and reading novels in the kitchen. Philip describes his mother as being â€Å"withdrawn and basically unresponsive† (53). Philip’s father had begun building timber-frame cabins as his own way of coping with Ethan’s disappearance. Philip’s oldest sister Amy had become distant from the family while working as a paralegal and waiting on several law school applications. Halley, Philip’s other sister, began helping her father build timber-frame cabins and seemed to be dealing with Ethan’s disappearance fine. Philip’s youngest sister Dana, obsessively shot free throws as her own way to cope with Ethan’s disappearance. Philip began to write in a journal similar to how his brother had written in a journal. Writing became Philip’s way of coping with his brother’s disappearance. In the novel Plainfield is where Philip’s innocence and his experiences lie and he is able to stay in a state of innocence in Plainfield. Philip’s timber-frame cabin is a symbol of his innocence and also symbolizes Philip’s relationship with his brother Ethan.... Free Essays on The Odd Sea Free Essays on The Odd Sea In The Odd Sea, Fredrick Reiken suggests that in one’s home one is able to stay in a state of innocence. In the novel, the narrator and main character, Philip, searches to find his older brother Ethan who has disappeared. During Philip’s search for Ethan, the family tries coping with the loss. In an effort to cope with Ethan’s disappearance, Philip’s mother begins to spend her nights baking and reading novels in the kitchen. Philip describes his mother as being â€Å"withdrawn and basically unresponsive† (53). Philip’s father had begun building timber-frame cabins as his own way of coping with Ethan’s disappearance. Philip’s oldest sister Amy had become distant from the family while working as a paralegal and waiting on several law school applications. Halley, Philip’s other sister, began helping her father build timber-frame cabins and seemed to be dealing with Ethan’s disappearance fine. Philip’s youngest sister Dana, obsessively shot free throws as her own way to cope with Ethan’s disappearance. Philip began to write in a journal similar to how his brother had written in a journal. Writing became Philip’s way of coping with his brother’s disappearance. In the novel Plainfield is where Philip’s innocence and his experiences lie and he is able to stay in a state of innocence in Plainfield. Philip’s timber-frame cabin is a symbol of his innocence and also symbolizes Philip’s relationship with his brother Ethan....

Marketing paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Marketing paper - Essay Example New product development under the brand name Apple, takes creativity, innovation and technology as the design forces and variables that are accounted for in developing new products. Creativity encompasses ensuring that the product being developed will capture the market’s interest. In this pursuit, the product features that lacks in the already available products should be critically considered. This is tailored towards revolutionizing the market setting in terms of consumer expectations. Innovation and technological advancement is the product design that stands out relative to what other firms are offering. Innovation treats all aspects of product production, meaning that the factors of production are all effectively combined in a way that outperforms substitute products in the market. In other words, innovation is a critical component of new product development. Technological advancement is similarly an ongoing process. Keeping at par with technological progress makes it essential that new products be integrated into technological pursuits. When creativity, innovation and technological progress are combined into the development of a new product (Grant 247), the resultant product is highly likely to take the market at a storm prior to favorable pricing and improved product

The Basic Islamic Message of One God Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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